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9 June| 9 June 68 | Roman Empire [births and deaths] | Nero, Roman emperor 54–68, hearing that provincial governors have risen against him, commits suicide just outside Rome (31). | | 9 June 1672 | Russian Empire [births and deaths] | Peter I the Great, Tsar of Russia with his brother Ivan V 1682–96 and then alone 1696–1725, who westernized Russia, born in Moscow, Russia (–1725). | | 9 June 1781 | England [births and deaths] | George Stephenson, English engineer, inventor of the railway locomotive, born in Wylam, Northumberland, England (–1848). | | 9 June 1815 | Austrian Empire [treaties] | The Congress of Vienna closes after its Final Act is passed. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg are united to form the United Netherlands (by an act of 31 May), Switzerland is to be neutral, East Poland is ceded to Russia and the Western Provinces of Poland to Prussia, Kraków becomes an independent republic, Lombardy and Venetia are restored to Austria, Prussia gains the Rhineland and the northern region of Saxony, Hanover obtains East Friesland and Hildesheim, the German Confederation is established under the presidency of Austria (by an act of 8 June), the Bourbon monarch Ferdinand VII is restored in Spain, the Braganza dynasty returns to the Portuguese throne, Ferdinand IV is recognized as king of the Two Sicilies, the pope and the minor Italian princes are restored, and Britain retains the majority of its overseas conquests, including Malta and Heligoland. | | 9 June 1870 | England [births and deaths] | Charles Dickens, English novelist of the Victorian era, dies in Gad's Hill, Chatham, Kent, England (58). | | 9 June 1893 | USA [births and deaths] | Cole Porter, US composer and lyricist, born in Peru, Indiana (–1964). | | 9 June 1923 | Bulgaria [political events] | A coup in Bulgaria by discontented army officers leads to the fall of the prime minister Alexander Stambolisky (he is assassinated on 15 June). | | 9 June 1975 | UK [radio] | In Britain, the proceedings of the House of Commons are broadcast live on radio for the first time, by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and the London Broadcasting Company (LBC). | | 9 June 1983 | UK [elections] | The Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher win an overall majority of 144 seats in the British general election, with 397 seats against Labour's 209 and the Liberal–SDP Alliance's 23. | | 9 June 1999 | Jordan [political events] | Abdullah II is crowned king of Jordan, inheriting the kingdom from his father, King Hussein, who died in February. |
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