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1000 BC| c. 1100 BC–c. 1000 BC | Babylon, Assyria [colonization] | Both Assyria and Babylonia suffer from incursions by a confederacy of tribes, speaking a northern Semitic language called Aramaeans. Even the Assyrians, relapsing into a dark-age period of which little is known, are apparently fighting for their very existence. | | c. 1000 BC | Babylon [exploration] | A clay tablet is made in Babylon depicting the Earth as a disc surrounded by water with Babylon at its centre – the first map of the world. | | c. 1000 BC | Mesopotamia, Egypt [farming] | Human excrement, manure, and plant waste are used as fertilizer in Mesopotamia and Egypt. The idea of fertilization subsequently spreads throughout the Mediterranean. | | c. 1000 BC | Europe [everyday life] | A Bronze-Age settlement is established at Hallstatt, Austria. The presence of salt is the primary attraction. The salt mines are worked using techniques developed in the Alps for the extraction of copper. At this time the Hallstatt culture is still confined to the area around southern Germany and Austria. | | c. 1000 BC | Assyria, Palestine [administration] | Assyria is quiet until at least the end of the century. The Israelites are therefore able, with the help of the Phoenicians, to develop their brief period of political significance and economic greatness. | | 1000 BC–961 BC | Palestine [administration] | The reign of David, King of Israel and Judah, faces internal dissent. The chief events of his reign (to which exact dates cannot be given) are: David brings the Ark of the Covenant to his new city, Jerusalem. He becomes prosperous and subdues his enemies, including the Edomites, whom he all but exterminates. During the Ammonite War, David has Uriah the Hittite ‘put in the forefront of the battle’ so that he can take Uriah's wife Bathsheba for his own. She bears David two children, of whom the second is the future king Solomon. David's favourite son, Absalom, murders his half-brother for the incestuous rape of his sister and flees the court. He is forgiven by David, but then revolts against him. David in turn has to flee Jerusalem. Absalom is defeated, slain, and ultimately lamented. Further revolts and wars accompanied by pestilence bring David's reign to a close. |
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