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1046| 1000–1100 | Europe [sports] | ‘Tables’, or backgammon, is introduced to Europe by the Arabs (or reintroduced, as it is similar in name and appearance to the Roman game Tabula). It becomes extremely popular over the next few centuries. The name ‘backgammon’ is first used in the mid-17th century. | | 20 December 1046 | Holy Roman Empire [political events] | In the synod of Sutri held by Emperor Henry III, Sylvester III and Gregory VI are formally deposed from the papacy for simony and other uncanonical practices. Benedict IX is also summoned to appear but he fails to turn up. | | 24 December 1046 | Holy Roman Empire [administration] | Benedict IX is formally deposed from the papacy by Emperor Henry III and Bishop Suidger of Bamberg, is elected as Pope Clement II. Together Henry and Clement begin the reform of the papacy. |
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