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1158| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1112–1167 | Pagan [political events] | During the reign of King Alaungsithu, the Burmese kingdom of Pagan reaches the peak of its political and cultural influence. | | 1158 | England, Wales, Brittany, France [wars] | King Henry II of England campaigns against the Welsh and gains the overlordship of Gwynedd and Deheubarth. He also becomes overlord of Brittany on the death of his brother, Geoffrey of Anjou. | | c. 1158 | Lombardy [Christianity] | Peter the Lombard writes Sententiarum libri quator/Four Books of Opinions, which after initial opposition becomes one of the most popular theological textbooks of the Middle Ages. | | 31 August 1158 | Castile, Spain [administration] | King Sancho III of Castile dies; he is succeeded by his infant son, Alfonso VIII. Civil war breaks out. |
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