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1171| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1163–1220 | France [churches and temples] | The Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France is constructed. | | 12 March 1171 | Byzantine Empire, Venice, Italy [political events] | In an attempt to end Venetian dominance of trade in the Byzantine Empire, the emperor Manuel I Comnenus orders the arrest of all Venetians in the empire and the confiscation of their goods; Venice retaliates by attacking Dalmatia and the islands of Chios and Lesbos. | | 13 September 1171 | Fatimid Caliphate, Egypt, Zangid Emirate [administration] | The last Fatimid (Shiite Muslim) caliph of Egypt, al-'Adid, dies. Egypt nominally becomes subject to the caliph of Baghdad but in practice is annexed to the Zangid emirate under the rule of Saladin, the vizier of Nur-ad-Din, Zengid ruler of Syria. |
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