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1176| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1163–1220 | France [churches and temples] | The Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France is constructed. | | 1176 | England [buildings] | Construction begins on Old London Bridge, the main crossing over the River Thames in London, England. The bridge has 19 arches, with access controlled by a drawbridge, and buildings overhanging the river on either side of the road. | | 29 May 1176 | Holy Roman Empire, Italy [wars] | After Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, refuses to send reinforcements, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa is decisively defeated by the Lombard League, at Legnano, Italy. | | 17 September 1176 | Byzantine Empire, Seljuk Sultanate of Rum [wars] | The Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus invades the sultanate of Rum but his army is trapped and destroyed by Sultan Kilij Arslan II at Myriocephalum. | | 10 October 1176 | Holy Roman Empire, Italy [diplomacy] | By the Treaty of Anagni, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa recognizes Alexander III as the legitimate pope, so ending the schism between the empire and the papacy. |
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