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1202| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1163–1220 | France [churches and temples] | The Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France is constructed. | | c. 1200–c. 1230 | South America [political events] | Manco Capac founds the Inca state in the Cuzco Valley, Peru. | | 1202 | León, Almohad Emirate, Castile, Spain [political events] | Pope Innocent III excommunicates King Alfonso IX of León and puts his kingdom under an interdict for allying himself with the Muslim Almohads against the Christian kingdom of Castile. | | 1202–1304 | Flanders [civic and commercial buildings] | The Cloth Hall at Ypres, in Flanders (now part of Belgium), one of the finest Gothic secular buildings of the late Middle Ages, is built. It is destroyed in 1915. | | 30 April 1202 | France, England [political events] | King Philip II of France declares that King John of England has forfeited his French lands because he fails to appear in Philip's court to answer the charges brought against him by Hugh of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, whose fiancée, Isabella of Angoulême, John has married. John's vassals, tired of his arbitrary rule, revolt against him. | | 15 November 1202 | Hungary, Venice, Italy, Byzantine Empire, Germany [Crusades (1095–1272)] | The crusaders take the Adriatic port of Zadar (Italian Zara) from the king of Hungary for Venice in lieu of payment for their transport to Egypt, which Venice cannot pay. Here the crusaders meet Alexius IV Angelus, son of the deposed Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelus, who promises them troops and money for the Fourth Crusade if they will help his father regain the Byzantine throne. |
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