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1226| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | c. 1200–c. 1230 | South America [political events] | Manco Capac founds the Inca state in the Cuzco Valley, Peru. | | 1202–1304 | Flanders [civic and commercial buildings] | The Cloth Hall at Ypres, in Flanders (now part of Belgium), one of the finest Gothic secular buildings of the late Middle Ages, is built. It is destroyed in 1915. | | 1226 | China, Mongol Empire [Mongol conquests (1206–1405)] | The Mongol leader Genghis Khan conquers the Tangut state of Xixia (now in northwest China), destroying the Tangut army in a battle on the frozen Huang He River (or Yellow River). | | 6 March 1226 | Italy, Holy Roman Empire [political events] | A second Lombard League is formed by the northern Italian cities of Milan, Bologna, Brescia, Mantua, Bergamo, Turin, Vicenza, Padua, and others to oppose the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. | | 3 October 1226 | Italy [births and deaths] | St Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan monastic orders and church reformer, principal patron saint of Italy, dies in Assisi, Italy (c. 44). | | 27 November 1226 | Germany, Holy Roman Empire [political events] | The first league of Rhenish towns, directed against the archbishop of Mainz, Germany, is suppressed by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. |
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