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1256| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1202–1304 | Flanders [civic and commercial buildings] | The Cloth Hall at Ypres, in Flanders (now part of Belgium), one of the finest Gothic secular buildings of the late Middle Ages, is built. It is destroyed in 1915. | | 28 January 1256 | Holy Roman Empire [political events] | The Holy Roman Emperor William of Holland dies. This dashes any chance for the unanimous election of a successor to the former emperor Frederick II; both Conrad IV and Conradin (Frederick's son and grandson) disgraced themselves politically making the continuation of the Hohenstaufen dynasty unpopular. | | 19 December 1256 | Persia [Mongol conquests (1206–1405)] | A Mongol army under Hulagu, recently appointed ilkhan of Persia, besieges the stronghold of the Assassins (militant branch of the Islamic Ismaili sect) at Alamut in the Elburz Mountains. Their grand master, Rukn-ad-Din Kurshah, surrenders and is put to death. The Mongols now annihilate the Assassins in Persia. |
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