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1267| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1202–1304 | Flanders [civic and commercial buildings] | The Cloth Hall at Ypres, in Flanders (now part of Belgium), one of the finest Gothic secular buildings of the late Middle Ages, is built. It is destroyed in 1915. | | 1262–1269 | Ilkhanate, Persia, Mongol Empire [wars] | War is waged between the Ilkhan of Persia, Hulagu, and Berke, Khan of the ‘Golden Horde’. It is inconclusive but saves Egypt from Mongol attack. | | 1267 | Castile, León, Portugal, Spain [political events] | King Alfonso X of Castile and León and King Afonso III of Portugal define their frontier in the Convention of Badajoz. The Algarve is now formally annexed to Portugal. | | 29 September 1267 | England, Wales [treaties] | By the Treaty of Montgomery, King Henry III of England recognizes Llywelyn ap Gruffydd as prince of Wales and as his vassal. |
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