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1284| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1202–1304 | Flanders [civic and commercial buildings] | The Cloth Hall at Ypres, in Flanders (now part of Belgium), one of the finest Gothic secular buildings of the late Middle Ages, is built. It is destroyed in 1915. | | 1284 | Germany, Holy Roman Empire [literature and language] | A plague of rats throughout Europe gives rise to the German tale The Pied Piper of Hamlin, a story which may have some basis in fact. | | 1284 | England [universities and colleges] | Peterhouse, the first college at Cambridge University, England, is founded. |
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