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1314| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1314 | Persia [historical study] | Persian scholar Rashid al-Din completes his Jami altawarikh/Histories, a universal history based on Arabic, Persian, Mongol, and Chinese sources. This is one of the first of the great Persian illustrated books. | | 1314 | England [scientific publications] | The Mappa mundi/Map of the World of Hereford Cathedral, England, is compiled. This is a famous symbolic map of the world showing Jerusalem at its centre, in accordance with the Bible. | | 1314 | Mameluke Sultanate, Egypt, Africa [administration] | The Egyptian Mamelukes establish a Muslim as king of Dongola (north Sudan), ending a Monophysite Christian monarchy dating from 543. From this time Arabs fleeing Mameluke rule begin to settle in the Sudan. | | 24 June 1314 | Scotland, England [Anglo–Scottish Wars 1296–1371)] | Robert I the Bruce, King of Scotland, inflicts a disastrous defeat on King Edward II of England in the Battle of Bannockburn and so completes his expulsion of the English from Scotland. | | 19 October - 20 October 1314 | Holy Roman Empire [administration] | Frederick the Handsome, Duke of Austria, sometimes called Frederick the Fair, is elected Holy Roman Emperor. The following day Ludwig IV of Bavaria is also elected, and civil war ensues. | | 29 November 1314 | France [births and deaths] | Philip IV, king of France 1285–1314, dies in Fontainebleau, France (46). | | 30 November 1314 | France [administration] | Louis X succeeds his father, King Philip IV the Fair of France, to the French throne. |
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