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1316| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1316 | Europe [famines] | Famine in Western Europe, brought on by the previous bad harvest, causes heavy mortality and brings population growth to a halt. | | 1316 | Italy [health and medicine] | The Italian physician Mondino de Liuzzi conducts the first properly recorded dissection of a human corpse at Bologna University, Italy. His book Anatomia will become the standard work on anatomy for two centuries. | | 2 May 1316 | Ireland [administration] | Edward Bruce, brother of Robert I the Bruce, King of Scotland, is crowned as king of Ireland at Dundalk in Ireland. | | 7 August 1316 | France [administration] | Following the death of Pope Clement V, the French clergyman Jacques Duèse (D'Euze) is elected Pope John XXII. |
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