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1324| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1324 | Ottoman Empire [births and deaths] | Osman I, founder of the Ottoman Turkish state, dies in Sogut, Ottoman Empire (c. 66). | | 1324 | Venice [births and deaths] | Marco Polo, Venetian explorer who spent 17 years in China, and whose Il milione/The Million (Travels of Marco Polo), has become a classic in geography, dies in Venice (c. 70). | | 23 March 1324 | Holy Roman Empire [political events] | Pope John XXII excommunicates King Ludwig IV of Bavaria for his refusal to surrender the kingship of the Romans. | | 22 May 1324 | Germany, Holy Roman Empire [political events] | In the Appeal of Sachsenhausen, King Ludwig IV of Bavaria denounces Pope John XXII and denies his claim to temporal authority in Germany. | | 8 August 1324 | France, England [wars] | King Charles IV of France invades Gascony when the parliament of Paris declares the province confiscated because King Edward II of England's lieutenant has sacked the French fortified town of Saint-Sardos. |
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