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146 BC| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | 146 BC | Greece, Rome [administration] | After the Greek city-state of Corinth has suffered similar treatment to that meted out to Carthage, all semblance of Greek liberty vanishes. The country, though not yet made a province, is placed under the close surveillance of the Roman governor of Macedonia. | | 146 BC | Carthage, Rome [Punic Wars (265–149 BC)] | After a prolonged and terrible siege Carthage is finally taken by the Roman consul Scipio Aemilianus. The Carthaginians make their final stand in their temple of Eshmoun (equivalent to Aesculapius, god of medicine), reputedly setting fire to the building and dying in the flames. The wife of the Carthaginian commander Hasdrubal shows herself in splendour with her two children before she and they are burnt. Carthage is destroyed and the Roman province of ‘Africa’ is established. Scipio Aemilianus is the son of the Roman consul Aemilius Paullus and adopted heir of Scipio Africanus Major whose name he takes, being known as Scipio Africanus the Younger. |
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