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1469| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1467–1477 | South Asia [political events] | The kingdoms of Jaffna and Kandy in the north and centre of modern Sri Lanka respectively, wrest their independence from the kingdom of Kotte following the death of its king Parakramabahu VI and end its control over the entire island. | | 1469 | Central America [political events] | Montezuma I, the fifth Aztec ruler, dies after a long reign in which the Aztecs extended their empire as far as the Gulf of Mexico and traded ever more widely; this expansion is to continue until the Spanish conquest. | | 1469 | India [births and deaths] | Nanak, Indian religious leader, first Guru of the Sikhs, born in Rai Bhoi di Talvandi, near Lahore, India (–1539). | | 3 May 1469 | Florence [births and deaths] | Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian statesman, writer, and political theorist whose best-known work is Il principe/The Prince (1513), born in Florence, Italy (–1527). | | 28 October 1469 | Netherlands [births and deaths] | Desiderius Erasmus, humanist, considered the greatest scholar of the northern European Renaissance, born in Rotterdam, Netherlands (–1536). |
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