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1480| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1480 | Portugal [births and deaths] | Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese navigator and explorer, born in Sabrosa or Porto, Portugal (–1521). | | 1480 | Flanders, Scotland [painting] | The Flemish artist Hugo van der Goes completes his painting The Trinity Altarpiece. The work includes panels depicting the Scottish royal family: James III, the Queen, and their son, the future James IV. | | 1480 | Italy [painting] | Italian artist Ghirlandaio (Domenico Bigordi) paints the fresco Last Supper in the monastery of Ognissanti in Florence. | | c. 1480 | Flanders [painting] | The Flemish artist Hieronymus Bosch paints Christ Mocked. | | 1480 | Netherlands [philosophy] | Dutch humanist scholar and poet Rudolph Agricola (Roelof Huysman) publishes De inventione dialectica/On Dialectic Invention, a defence of Renaissance humanism. Agricola's works make a deep impression on Desiderius Erasmus. | | 1480 | Castile, Spain [taxation] | The Cortes (parliament) at Toledo, Castile, grants concessions to the Castilian towns against the nobility, rescinding the grant of land and the rights to raise taxes and wage war, and returning them to the crown, thereby raising 30 million maravedis annually. The construction of new castles is forbidden and many existing ones are demolished. | | 1480 | Muscovy, Poland-Lithuania [wars] | Ivan III, Grand Duke of Muscovy, dispels the last relics of domination by the Mongol Tatar ‘Golden Horde’ when his armies face down the forces of its khan Akhmet at the ‘battle’ of the River Ugra, at which the Horde's Lithuanian allies fail to appear. | | 6 March 1480 | Naples, Florence, Italy, Papal States, Milan, Venice, Holy Roman Empire, Aragon [wars] | Having travelled to Naples, Italy, after receiving overtures of peace, Lorenzo de' Medici reaches agreement with Ferrante, King of Naples, for peace between Naples and Florence, Italy. The papacy, Milan, and Venice accede shortly afterward, ending the War of the Pazzi. | | April 1480 | Italy [births and deaths] | Lucretia Borgia, daughter of Pope Alexander VI and sister of Cesare Borgia, Italian noblewoman, and a central figure in the notorious Borgia family, born in Rome (–1519). |
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