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1481| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1481 | Spain, Castile [religious freedom] | The first Auto da fé/Act of Faith, the pronouncement and enactment of sentences (including burning) on victims of the Spanish Inquisition, is carried out in Seville, Castile. Approximately 300 conversos (Jewish converts to Christianity) are burnt in the first year. | | 1481 | Castile, Spain, Granada [wars] | Abu-al-Hasan (Muley Hacen), Sultan of Granada, surprises and takes the fortified Castilian town of Zahara, starting the War of Granada, the final phase of the Reconquista (‘Reconquest’). |
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