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149 BC| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | 149 BC | Roman Empire [births and deaths] | Marcus Porcius Cato (‘the Elder’ or ‘the Censor’), Roman statesman and orator, the first major Latin prose writer, whose De agri cultura/On Agriculture survives, dies (c. 85). | | 149 BC | Carthage, Rome [Punic Wars (265–149 BC)] | Rome regards the action of Carthage in defending itself against Numidian incursions in 150 BC as a casus belli (justification for war) and the Third Punic War begins. The oligarchic government of Carthage offers to submit but the Roman terms are harsh. These state that the city shall be destroyed and that its 700,000 inhabitants shall rebuild their homes elsewhere, ‘but not within 10 miles of the sea’. The Carthaginians refuse to leave their city. |
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