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1498| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1498 | Germany [art] | The German artist Albrecht Dürer completes his Apocalypse, a set of woodcuts. | | 1498 | Italy [painting] | Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci completes The Last Supper, a fresco in the refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. His experiments with new media are unsuccessful and within a few years it begins to deteriorate. | | 20 May 1498 | India, Portugal [exploration] | The Portuguese expedition under Vasco da Gama reaches the port of Calicut on the southwest coast of India where it is welcomed by Zamorin, the Hindu ruler, as the first European expedition to sail to India since the Romans. | | 23 May 1498 | Florence [political events] | Girolamo Savonarola, Italian religious leader and messianic Preacher, effective ruler of Florence, Italy, (1494–98), who was excommunicated in June 1497 for disobeying a ban on his preaching and for his criticism of the pope, is strangled and burnt in Florence, Italy, for seeking the deposition of Pope Alexander VI (45). Savonarola was responsible for making Florence a democratic republic. | | 5 August 1498 | France, Spain [treaties] | King Louis XII of France and Ferdinand of Aragon sign the Treaty of Marcoussis, which ends the effectiveness of the League of Venice. They begin to plan a Franco-Spanish partition of the kingdom of Naples. |
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