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1518| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1517–1518 | Sweden, Denmark-Norway [political events] | The pro-Danish archbishop Gustav Trolle becomes head of the Swedish Riksråd and seeks to depose the regent, Sten Sture the Younger, in a civil war; the estates at Stockholm depose Trolle, who is subsequently imprisoned. After a papal interdict and two invasions have proved unsuccessful, King Christian II of Denmark-Norway and Sweden seek a new truce. | | 8 September 1517 - 15 February 1518 | China, Ming Empire [political events] | The Chinese Ming dynasty emperor Zhengde leaves Beijing secretly to witness a military campaign on the frontier; this exceptional innovatory act is repeated, in spite of attempts by officials to confine him, until his death in 1521. | | 1518 | Central Asia [political events] | Kasym Khan, the leader of an Uzbekh tribal federation, dies, having established Kazakh (‘vagabond’) rule over the steppe between the Ural and Altai mountains. | | 1518 | Italy [painting] | Italian artist Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) completes his painting The Assumption (Assunta), an altarpiece for the Church of Santa Maria dei Frari in Venice, Italy. | | 1518 | Central America [plagues and epidemics] | The first known smallpox epidemic in the New World breaks out in the Caribbean islands. In the next hundred years, epidemics of smallpox, measles, and influenza kill over 90% of the indigenous American population. | | 2 October 1518 | England, France, Spain, Holy Roman Empire, Papal States, Italy, Europe, Ottoman Empire [treaties] | In the Treaty of London drawn up by the English Lord Chancellor, Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, King Henry VIII of England, King Francis I of France, King Charles I of Spain, the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, and Pope Leo X agree to join in a crusade against the Turks with all other European powers. |
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