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1522| 1100–1532 | South America [administration] | The Inca empire dominates the Andes region of South America. Its population numbers as many as 12 million. Incan society is based on a strict hierarchy, with an emperor who rules with absolute power. Their religion is based on sun-worship, and they are skilled builders who create a system of roads and irrigation. | | 1522 | Germany [aircraft] | The German illustrator Albrecht Dürer designs a flying machine. | | 1522 | Spain [Christianity] | The Complutensian Polyglot, a multilingual edition of the Bible, is published in Spain, written in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin. The project lasted from 1502 to 1517 and was edited and financed by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez (Ximénez) de Cisnéros. | | 1522 | Germany [painting] | The German artist Hans Holbein paints The Dead Christ. | | January 1522 | Holy Roman Empire, Germany, Sweden, Denmark-Norway [political events] | Lübeck, the most powerful of the Hanseatic cities, allies with and funds the Swedish leader Gustavus Vasa, declaring war on King Christian II of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway and laying waste to the Danish island of Bornholm. | | 9 January 1522 | Papal States, Italy [political events] | Following the death of Pope Leo X on 1 December, Bishop Adrian of Utrecht, Regent of Spain, is elected Pope Adrian VI. He is the last non-Italian pope until 1978. | | 30 January 1522 | Holy Roman Empire, Austria, Habsburg Monarchy, Tirol, Württemberg, Germany [political events] | The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V cedes to his brother, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, the Tirol, Württemberg, and the Habsburg possessions in southwest Germany, and confirms his grant of Austria of April 1521 by the Convention of Brussels. | | 21 December 1522 | Ottoman Empire, Rhodes [wars] | The Order of the Knights of St John of the Hospital surrender their fortress of Rhodes to Ottoman forces under Sultan Suleiman I the Magnificent; they leave the island, accepting generous terms of capitulation after a bitter six-month siege. |
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