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1586| 1550–1600 | North America, South America, Europe [trade] | New agricultural products are exchanged between the New and Old Worlds. The Spanish introduce potatoes, tomatoes, quinine, cocoa, tapioca, and tobacco to Europe. From Europe, the New World gains barley, oats, rye, sugar cane, cattle, pigs, poultry, rabbits, and horses. | | 1586 | Central America [food and drink] | English explorer Sir Walter Raleigh returns to England after a second failed expedition to the New World, but his expedition brings to England a new vegetable called the potato, destined to become a staple food. The Spanish have already introduced the potato to Europe. | | 1586 | England [scientific institutions and societies] | The first British learned society, the Society of Antiquaries, is established. | | 1586 | Spain [painting] | The Greek-born Spanish artist El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) paints Burial of Count Orgaz. | | 4 February 1586 | United Netherlands, Holy Roman Empire, England [political events] | The English courtier and favourite of Queen Elizabeth I of England, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, accepts the title of governor and captain general of the Netherlands, but Queen Elizabeth insists that he resign it. His efforts to centralize authority in the United Netherlands are opposed by the (relatively) more secure Dutch provinces of Holland and Zeeland. | | 1 July 1586 | Scotland, England [treaties] | In the Treaty of Berwick, Queen Elizabeth I of England and King James VI of Scotland undertake to preserve the religious status quo and engage in mutual defence against third parties. James is to receive an annual pension from England. |
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