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1605| 1605 | England [educational theory] | English statesman and writer Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam, publishes The Advancement of Learning. It is the first part of his project to develop a more systematic, scientific basis for knowledge. The second part appears in 1620. | | 1605 | Spain [fiction] | The Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes (Saavedra) publishes part one of El ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha/The Ingenious Knight Don Quixote de la Mancha. The second part appears in 1615. | | c. 1605 | England [plays] | The tragedy Othello, the Moor of Venice by the English dramatist William Shakespeare is first performed, in London, England. It is first published in 1622. | | 1605 | UK [railways] | The first railway in Britain is installed at Sir Francis Willoughby's mines at Woolaston, Nottinghamshire. | | 1 April 1605 | Papal States, Italy [political events] | Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici is elected Pope Leo XI following the death of Clement VIII on 5 March; however, he dies on 27 April. Camillo Borghese is elected Pope Paul V on 16 May. | | 13 April 1605 | Russia [political events] | Following the sudden death of Boris Godunov, tsar of Muscovy, he is succeeded by his son Fyodor II. Fyodor's mother attempts to control the situation as the chaos of the ‘Time of Troubles’ mounts. | | 13 April 1605 | Muscovy [births and deaths] | Boris (Fyodorovich) Godunov, tsar of Muscovy 1598–1605, whose reign saw the start of the ‘Time of Troubles’ (1598–1613), dies in Moscow, Russia (c. 54). | | 10 June - 21 June 1605 | Russia [political events] | With the ‘false Dmitri’ (the monk Grigorii Otrepiev) at the gates of Moscow, the Russian tsar Fyodor II Godunov is murdered by a Muscovite mob incited by the boyar (noble) faction of Vasily Shuysky. ‘Dmitri’ is crowned tsar by the army on 21 June and begins radical reforms. | | 17 October 1605 | Mogul Empire [births and deaths] | Akbar, Mogul emperor of India 1556–1605, who brought most of India under Mogul rule, dies in Agra, India (c. 63). | | 4 November 1605 | UK [political events] | The Catholic Gunpowder Plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament during King James I of England's state opening of Parliament is discovered; Guy Fawkes is arrested in the cellars. Robert Catesby and other conspirators are caught at Holbeche House, Staffordshire, where Catesby dies in the affray (8 November). |
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