| 1606–1657 | Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, Hungary, Transylvania [treaties] | The 1606 peace treaties between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires lead to half a century of peace and stability in Hungary; no major campaigns are fought between the two, though frontier skirmishes and raids are endemic, and Transylvania develops into a rich regional power. |
| 1607–1700 | North America, UK [food and drink] | Fruits introduced to the North American colonies from England include apples, which adapt well in New England, and peaches, which grow easily in Virginia and other warmer regions. Native vegetables like pumpkins, squash, and beans are favoured over European vegetables. |
| 7 January 1619 | England [births and deaths] | Nicholas Hilliard, first great English portraitist and miniaturist of the Renaissance, dies in London, England (c. 72). |
| 23 February 1619 | United Netherlands [Protestantism] | The Synod of Dort, held in Dordrecht, the United Netherlands, ends. The meeting of Dutch Reformed Church ministers has condemned the ‘liberal’ Calvinist Remonstrants and adopted the strict Five Points of Calvinism. |
| 6 March 1619 | France [births and deaths] | Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac, French satirist and dramatist, the subject of many romantic legends, whose best-known works include Histoire comique des états et empires de la lune/Comic History of the States and Empires of the Moon (1656), born in Paris, France (–1655). |
| 20 March 1619 | Holy Roman Empire [political events] | The Holy Roman Emperor Matthias II dies; his heir, Archduke Ferdinand of Styria, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, is formally elected as Matthias's successor in August. |
| 30 July 1619 | North America [law and government] | Limited representative government comes to the colony of Virginia, North America, in the form of a House of Burgesses, whose decrees are subject to approval by the English crown. This is the first such assembly in North America. |
| August 1619 | Transylvania, Hungary, Bohemia, Habsburg Monarchy, Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire [Thirty Years War (1618–48)] | Gabor Bethlen, the Protestant prince of Transylvania, invades Hungary. He is acting partly in response to pleas from the Bohemian rebels, and partly to further his own ambitions to wrest the Hungarian crown from the Habsburgs. |
| 19 August 1619 | Bohemia, Habsburg Monarchy, Holy Roman Empire [political events] | The Bohemian diet (legislative assembly) deposes the Habsburg heir, King Ferdinand, from the throne. |
| 26 August 1619 | Bohemia, Habsburg Monarchy, Holy Roman Empire, Palatinate, Germany [political events] | The Bohemian diet (legislative assembly) elects Frederick V, the Elector Palatine, as king of Bohemia. |
| 29 August 1619 | France [births and deaths] | Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Seignelay, French statesman and controller of finance for France 1665–83, whose programme of economic reconstruction led to France becoming a dominant European power, born in Reims, France (–1683). |
| September 1619 | France [treaties] | The Treaty of Angoulême ends the dispute between King Louis XIII of France and the queen mother Marie de' Medici. Louis grants an amnesty to his mother's supporters and restores places captured from his mother, advantageous terms secured through Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu's diplomacy. To cement his own position with the court, Richelieu arranges a marriage between his niece and the nephew of the chief minister Charles d'Albret, Duke of Luynes. |
