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1623| 1606–1657 | Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, Hungary, Transylvania [treaties] | The 1606 peace treaties between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires lead to half a century of peace and stability in Hungary; no major campaigns are fought between the two, though frontier skirmishes and raids are endemic, and Transylvania develops into a rich regional power. | | 1607–1700 | North America, UK [food and drink] | Fruits introduced to the North American colonies from England include apples, which adapt well in New England, and peaches, which grow easily in Virginia and other warmer regions. Native vegetables like pumpkins, squash, and beans are favoured over European vegetables. | | 1623 | Italy [philosophy] | Italian philosopher Tommaso di Campanella publishes La città del sole/The City of the Sun, which describes his conception of utopia. | | 1623 | Japan [political events] | Iemitsu, the third Tokugawa shogun (military ruler) of Japan, succeeds Hidetada. Iemitsu later bars trade with the West and suppresses Christianity in Japan. | | 1623 | England [scientific publications] | The English philosopher Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam, publishes De augmentis scientarum/On the Increase of Knowledge, an expanded version of an earlier work, dealing with the philosophy of science and the nature of scientific knowledge. | | 19 June 1623 | France [births and deaths] | Blaise Pascal, French mathematician and physicist who founded the theory of probability, and invented the first digital calculator, the syringe, and hydraulic press, born in Clermont-Ferrand, France (–1662). | | 6 August 1623 | Austria, Bohemia, Holy Roman Empire, Transylvania, Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy [Thirty Years War (1618–48)] | The army of Christian of Brunswick is annihilated by the forces of Count Johan Tserclaus von Tilly at Stadtlohn, giving the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II complete control of Austria and Bohemia. The plan by Gabor Bethlen, Prince of Transylvania, to invade Austrian territory lies in shreds. | | 6 August 1623 | Papal States, Italy, France [political events] | Maffeo Barberini is elected Pope Urban VIII following the death of Pope Gregory XV on 8 July; fearing the growth of Habsburg power, he leans towards France. |
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| ? Mentioned in | | ? References in classic literature |
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Arrowsmith, Edmund
August 6
Barberini
Bataille, Gabriel
Brizio, Francesco
Camden, William
De Witt, Cornelius
Farnaby, Richard
Felltham, Owen
Fletcher, Giles
| Gloucester City
Gregory XV
Hardy, Alexandre
Hathaway, Anne
Heminge, John
Marini, Giambattista
Murad IV
Pacelli, Asprilio
Paix, Jakob
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| The Plymouth settlers, led by the famous Captain Miles Standish, slew some of them, in 1623, without any very evident necessity for so doing. This process, like other pseudo-classical tendencies, was furthered by Ben Jonson, who used the couplet in more than half of his non-dramatic verse; but it was especially carried on by the wealthy politician and minor poet Edmund Waller (above, page 164), who for sixty years, from 1623 on, wrote most of his verse (no very great quantity) in the couplet. |