| 1606–1657 | Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, Hungary, Transylvania [treaties] | The 1606 peace treaties between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires lead to half a century of peace and stability in Hungary; no major campaigns are fought between the two, though frontier skirmishes and raids are endemic, and Transylvania develops into a rich regional power. |
| 1607–1700 | North America, UK [food and drink] | Fruits introduced to the North American colonies from England include apples, which adapt well in New England, and peaches, which grow easily in Virginia and other warmer regions. Native vegetables like pumpkins, squash, and beans are favoured over European vegetables. |
| 1640–1700 | North America [literature and language] | Literacy rates in the colonies, particularly in New England, are high relative to those in the Old World. Shipton, New England has a 95% literacy rate; males in Virginia have a literacy rate between 54% and 60%. |
| 1652 | UK [thought and scholarship] | English political radical Gerrard Winstanley publishes The Law of Freedom in a Platform, which argues for a system of communism. |
| 1652 | UK [food and drink] | Christopher Bowman opens the first coffee house in London, England, in St Michael's Alley, Cornhill. Coffee houses will quickly become fashionable and later develop into a forum for political and literary discussion. |
| 1652 | Italy [art] | Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini completes his sculpture Vision of Saint Teresa, in the Cornaro Chapel in the Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, Italy. This work becomes one of the highpoints of Italian baroque art. |
| May 1652 | UK [British Civil Wars (1642–51)] | The surrender of Galway to the English parliamentarian army marks the end of Royalist resistance to the English supreme commander Oliver Cromwell and the completion of the pacification of Ireland. |
| 29 June 1652 | North America [administration] | The Puritan leadership of Massachusetts declares the colony a self-governing independent commonwealth, the culmination of a long political struggle over the degree of independence allowed by its 1629 royal charter. The colony's de facto independence lasts until the restoration of King Charles II of England in 1660 and the issue of a new charter. |
| 30 June 1652 | United Netherlands, UK [Anglo–Dutch Wars (1652–74)] | After a period of growing tension, triggered by the passing of the first Navigation Act, England declares war on the United Netherlands. |
| 2 July 1652 | France [Fronde (1648–52)] | The royalist marshal Vicomte Henri de Turenne defeats Louis II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, in the Faubourg St Antoine, Paris, France, but strategically withdraws. A provisional Fronde government is set up in Paris. |
| 4 July 1652 | France [Fronde (1648–52)] | The forces of Louis II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, massacre the Fronde parliamentary deputies. This discredits the new government and creates a desire for peace in the civil war. |
| October 1652 | Spain [wars] | Following a decade under French control, Barcelona, Spain, falls after a lengthy siege, enabling Don John, viceroy of Naples, to complete the reconquest of Catalonia for the Spanish. |
| 13 October 1652 | France [Fronde (1648–52)] | Louis II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, leaves Paris, France, and flees to the Spanish Netherlands after losing the support of the people and the Parlement. |
| 21 October 1652 | France [Fronde (1648–52)] | King Louis XIV of France returns to Paris, France, in triumph, re-establishing the government and exiling leading Frondeurs. |
