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1653| 1606–1657 | Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, Hungary, Transylvania [treaties] | The 1606 peace treaties between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires lead to half a century of peace and stability in Hungary; no major campaigns are fought between the two, though frontier skirmishes and raids are endemic, and Transylvania develops into a rich regional power. | | 1607–1700 | North America, UK [food and drink] | Fruits introduced to the North American colonies from England include apples, which adapt well in New England, and peaches, which grow easily in Virginia and other warmer regions. Native vegetables like pumpkins, squash, and beans are favoured over European vegetables. | | 1640–1700 | North America [literature and language] | Literacy rates in the colonies, particularly in New England, are high relative to those in the Old World. Shipton, New England has a 95% literacy rate; males in Virginia have a literacy rate between 54% and 60%. | | 1653 | France [maths] | The French mathematician Blaise Pascal publishes his ‘triangle’ of numbers. This has many applications in arithmetic, algebra, and combinatorics (the study of counting combinations). | | 1653 | France [music] | The French composer Jean-Baptiste Dr. writes music for the ballet La Nuit/Night by Isaac de Bensarade, and is appointed court composer to Louis XIV. | | 1653 | France [postal services] | The first postage stamps are produced, in Paris, France, enabling the sender rather than the receiver to pay the cost of postage. | | 1653 | UK [sports] | The first edition of English author Isaak Walton's The Compleat Angler, or The Contemplative Man's Recreation is published. | | 1653 | France [theatre and dance] | The ballet La Nuit/Night by the French choreographer Isaac de Bensarade (with music by French composer Jean-Baptiste Lully) is first performed, at the French court. King Louis XIV dances the part of Le Roi Soleil (the Sun King). | | 1 September 1653 | Germany [births and deaths] | Johann Pachelbel, German organ composer, known particularly for his Canon in D Major, baptized in Nuremberg, Germany (–1706). | | 26 September 1653 | UK [legislation] | The Act of Satisfaction is passed by the English Parliament, distributing large tracts of forfeited land in Ireland in order to settle the claims of those who had advanced money to meet army pay arrears, to discharge other military pay demands, and to encourage Protestants to settle in Ireland. |
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| ? Mentioned in | | ? References in classic literature |
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Achery, Jean Luc d'
Barebones Parliament
Cappelle, Jan van de
Civil War, English
Deane, Richard
Fleury, Andre Hercule de
Harrison, Thomas
Klotz
La Fosse, Antoine de
Lambert, John
| Lee, Nathaniel
Levels, North, Middle, and South
Locke, Matthew
Long Parliament
Printz, Johan Bjornsson
Protectorate, the
Rump, the
Samoset
Vitali, Filippo
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| , which were regarded as wonderful in 1653, are still so, even at the present time; the cascades awakened the admiration of kings and princes; and as for the famous grotto, the theme of so many poetical effusions, the residence of that illustrious nymph of Vaux, whom Pelisson made converse with La Fontaine, we must be spared the description of all its beauties. He belonged to that natural, humorous school who took for their motto in the seventeenth century the aphorism uttered by one of their number in 1653, -- "To despise flowers is to offend God. " "Never," adds an eye witness of 1653, "have the sudden metamorphoses of the Court of Miracles been more happily presented. |