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1675| 1607–1700 | North America, UK [food and drink] | Fruits introduced to the North American colonies from England include apples, which adapt well in New England, and peaches, which grow easily in Virginia and other warmer regions. Native vegetables like pumpkins, squash, and beans are favoured over European vegetables. | | 1640–1700 | North America [literature and language] | Literacy rates in the colonies, particularly in New England, are high relative to those in the Old World. Shipton, New England has a 95% literacy rate; males in Virginia have a literacy rate between 54% and 60%. | | 1667–1685 | France [law and government] | A substantial reform of French law takes place with the introduction of a new Civil Code, the Code Louis, in 1667. It is followed by the Criminal Code in 1670, the Maritime Code in 1672, the Commercial Code in 1673, and the Code Noir in 1685, which caters for slaves in the colonies. It remains the basis of French law until the Code Napoléon is introduced in 1804. | | 1675 | UK [theatre and dance] | The comedy The Country-Wife by the English dramatist William Wycherley is first performed, in London, England. | | 27 July 1675 | France, Germany [births and deaths] | Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, French military leader, marshal of France 1643–68, is killed in battle at Sasbach, Baden-Baden, Germany (63). | | August 1675 | UK [scientific institutions and societies] | The Royal Greenwich Observatory is established by British king Charles II on the outskirts of London, England. English astronomer John Flamsteed is appointed Astronomical Observator (later Astronomer Royal). | | October 1675 | Denmark-Norway, Sweden [wars] | In fulfilment of treaty obligations of 1674, Denmark enters the Franco-Dutch war on the side of the United Netherlands after Sweden invades Brandenburg. Denmark invades the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp's lands, which deprives Sweden of a base on Denmark's southern border. |
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1675 BCAltenheim, Battle ofAmigoni, JacopoBacon, NathanielBenedict XIVBeyeren, Abraham Hendrickz vanBismarckBouhours, DominiqueBrzegCarriera, RosalbaCassini divisionChemnitz, Bogislaw Philipp vonChoiseul, César, duc de, Sieur du Plessis-PraslinChristian VClarke, SamuelCrowne, JohnCurll, EdmundDel RioDelisle, Guillaume | He then spoke of King Philip's War, which began in 1675, and terminated with the death of King Philip, in the following year. He had progressed from hazel-nut shade to that of roasted coffee, and on the very day when the frightful events took place at the Hague which we have related in the preceding chapters, we find him, about one o'clock in the day, gathering from the border the young suckers raised from tulips of the colour of roasted coffee; and which, being expected to flower for the first time in the spring of 1675, would undoubtedly produce the large black tulip required by the Haarlem Society. |
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