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bookbinding |
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bookbindingSecuring of the pages of a book between protective covers by sewing and/or gluing. Cloth binding was first introduced in 1822, but from the mid-20th century synthetic bindings were increasingly employed, and most hardback books are bound by machine. Bookbinding did not emerge as a distinct craft until printing was introduced to Europe in the 15th century. Until that time scrolls and (from around 1200) codices (see codex) were usual. Gold tooling, the principal ornament of leather bookbinding, was probably introduced to Europe from the East by the Venetian Aldus Manutius. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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145, 16o (2007) ("[A] little access can go a long way, depending on the group's lobbying strategy. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), but Arpaio has an agreement with the federal government allowing 16o of his 750 deputies to arrest and detain thousands of undocumented workers. The ICP GDT7523 RN, GDT7543RN, and GDT7563RN models offer two, four, or six Ultra 16O channels and support data transfer rates of 160MB/sec per channel with up to 15 devices attached to each channel on cables up to 12 meters in length. |
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