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1713| 1689–1724 | UK [horse-racing] | The Byerley Turk, the Darley Arabian, and the Godolphin Arab, the horses from which all modern thoroughbreds are descended in the male line, are imported to England from the Middle East and north Africa. | | 1713 | Germany, England [music] | The German-born English composer George Frideric Handel completes his choral work Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate to commemorate the Peace of Utrecht. | | 1713 | Ireland [thought and scholarship] | Irish philosopher and churchman George Berkeley publishes Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous. | | 11 April 1713 | France, UK, United Netherlands, Prussia, Portugal, Savoy [War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714)] | The Peace of Utrecht, the treaty ending the War of the Spanish Succession, is agreed and signed by France, Britain, the United Netherlands, Prussia, Portugal, and Savoy. Philip V, a Bourbon, is recognized as king of Spain, but Spain and France are never to be united under one king. France agrees to dismantle the naval base at Dunkirk, to recognize the Protestant succession in Britain, and to cede Newfoundland, Acadia, and Hudson Bay to Britain, but gains fortresses on the Canadian frontier. Spain cedes San Sacramento north of the River Plate to Portugal and cedes the Spanish Netherlands (now Belgium) to the United Netherlands, to be given to the Holy Roman Emperor once the United Netherlands has established a fortified barrier against French expansion. Sicily is to be united under Savoy as a kingdom. The elector of Brandenburg, in his new capacity as king of Prussia, receives recognition of the royal title and gains Neuchâtel (a canton in Swiss Confederation) and the upper quarter of Gelderland (Guelders), Austrian Netherlands. Prussia's claim upon the principality of Orange, on the River Rhône, is transferred to France. | | 27 July 1713 | Ottoman Empire, Russia, Sweden [Ottoman–Russian Wars (1686–1739)] | The Peace of Adrianople is agreed between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, ending the hostilities largely instigated by King Charles XII of Sweden. The terms of the Treaty of Prut (1711) are repeated, with changes connected with Charles XII's interests. Tsar Peter I the Great agrees to guarantee the independence of Poland and not to hinder Charles's return to Sweden. The independence of the Cossacks is also recognized (thus forming a buffer of neutral territory between the Ottoman Empire and Russia). Ultimately, however, the Peace of Adrianople makes it impossible for Charles to remain in the Ottoman Empire. | | 15 October 1713 | France [births and deaths] | Denis Diderot, French philosopher of the Enlightenment, editor of the Encyclopédie/Encyclopedia, born in Langres, France (–1784). | | 24 November 1713 | England, Ireland [births and deaths] | Laurence Sterne, Irish-born English novelist, born in Clonmel, County Tipperary, Ireland (–1768). |
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