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1718| 1689–1724 | UK [horse-racing] | The Byerley Turk, the Darley Arabian, and the Godolphin Arab, the horses from which all modern thoroughbreds are descended in the male line, are imported to England from the Middle East and north Africa. | | 1716–1745 | Japan [political events] | Yoshimune, of the Tokugawa house of Kii, succeeds Ienobu as shogun (military ruler) of Japan. | | 6 June - 7 July 1718 | Spain, Sicily [wars] | A Spanish army sails for Sicily. The property of the Spanish crown since the 16th century, Sicily had been given to the Duke of Savoy, under the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht, in return for his services in the Allied cause during the War of the Spanish Succession. The Spanish government hopes to use Sicily as a base for the invasion of Italy, and its troops conquer the island by July. | | 26 June 1718 | Russia [political events] | Tsarevich Aleksey Petrovich, heir to Tsar Peter I the Great of Russia and focus for opposition to the Tsar's sweeping economic and social reforms, dies (or is put to death) in St Petersburg, aged 28, after repeated interrogation under torture. | | 21 July 1718 | Habsburg Monarchy, Ottoman Empire [Habsburg–Ottoman Wars (1525–1718)] | The Peace of Passarowitz ends the war between the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. By its terms, signed through British and Dutch mediation (the eastern trade of both states had been disrupted by the war), Austria completes its occupation of Hungary, and gains Belgrade and a strip of Serbia and Bosnia, the Banat of Temesvár (now part of Hungary), and Little Wallachia; Venice, in alliance with Austria since 1716, retains Corfu and its conquests in Albania and Dalmatia; the Ottoman Empire keeps the Morea (the Peloponnese) and the island of Aegina, in Greece. The parties agree to adhere to this agreement for at least 25 years. | | 11 December 1718 | Sweden, Denmark-Norway, Russia [Great Northern War (1700–21)] | When King Charles XII of Sweden, having renewed his attack against Norway, is killed by a musket ball through the head while besieging the fortress of Frederikshald, Norway, he is succeeded by his sister Ulrica Eleanor. The Russo-Swedish peace conference at Lövö on the Åland Islands, in the Gulf of Bothnia, is abandoned. |
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