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1731| 1716–1745 | Japan [political events] | Yoshimune, of the Tokugawa house of Kii, succeeds Ienobu as shogun (military ruler) of Japan. | | c. 1725–c. 1740 | Spain [sports] | Bullfighting grows in popularity in Spain, with Francisco Romero becoming the first famous matador. | | 1730–1807 | UK [newspapers] | The Daily Advertiser is launched in London, England. With its dependence on advertisements, this may be regarded as the first modern newspaper. | | 1731 | Persia, Safavid Empire [political events] | Having cleared Persia of Afghans, Nadir Kuli dethrones Tahmasp II, and elevates Tahmasp's eight-month son, Abbas III, as another Safavid puppet. He is to be the last of the Safavid dynasty. | | 1731 | Italy [churches and temples] | The Superga, a church designed by the Italian architect Filippo Juvarra, is completed in Turin, Italy. | | 1731 | Germany, Holy Roman Empire [churches and temples] | The pilgrimage church of Steinhausen, Germany, designed by the German architect Domenikus Zimmermann, is completed, an early example of the rococo church. His brother Johann Baptist decorates the church. | | 1731 | Africa [wars] | Following defeats in battle, the slave-trading kingdom of Dahomey, in west Africa, accepts the suzerainty of the Oyo empire (Yoruba people). | | 26 April 1731 | England [births and deaths] | Daniel Defoe, English novelist and journalist, author of Robinson Crusoe (1719–22) and Moll Flanders (1722), dies in London, England (70). | | 11 July 1731 | UK, United Netherlands, Spain, Holy Roman Empire, Italy [treaties] | A general war over the Italian duchies is averted by the Treaty of Vienna between Britain, the United Netherlands, Spain, and the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles VI. Under the terms of the treaty, the maritime powers (Britain and the United Netherlands) guarantee the Pragmatic Sanction (which sets out the rights of the Emperor's daughter, Maria Theresa, to succeed him as ruler of all the Habsburg domains), Spain obtains the Italian duchies of Parma and Piacenza, and the Austrian East India Company is finally abolished. By a secret clause, Britain insists that Maria Theresa shall not marry a member of the Bourbon family. |
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| ? Mentioned in | | ? References in classic literature |
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April 26
Campioli
Catone in Utica
Cave, Edward
Cernohorský, Bohuslav Matej
churches and temples
Darwin, Erasmus
Farnese
Ged, William
Jenkins, Robert
| Lopez, Aaron
Maffei, Scipione
Mahmud I
Mission Trail
Montferrand
Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista
Prévost d'Exiles, Antoine François
Redi, Tommaso
Royal Dublin Society
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| There are about thirty cases on record, of which the most famous, that of the Countess Cornelia de Baudi Cesenate, was minutely investigated and described by Giuseppe Bianchini, a prebendary of Verona, otherwise distinguished in letters, who published an account of it at Verona in 1731, which he afterwards republished at Rome. In 1731 the house in which the library was took fire, and more than a hundred books were burned, some being partly and some quite destroyed. More than a century afterwards, in 1731, when the evil was complete and irretrievable, an order was issued that all stray animals should be destroyed. |