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1757| 1730–1807 | UK [newspapers] | The Daily Advertiser is launched in London, England. With its dependence on advertisements, this may be regarded as the first modern newspaper. | | 1743–1760 | North America [town planning] | Paving city streets in the North American colonies becomes common, making the colonial streets drier and smoother than those in Britain. | | 1750–1777 | Portugal [law and government] | Sebastião José de Carvalho e Mello, the Marquis of Pombal, virtual ruler of Portugal during the reign of José I, carries out a series of extensive reforms aimed at breaking the power of the nobility and revitalizing Portugal's finances, industry, agriculture, and education system. | | 1757 | UK [ships and shipping] | Scottish sailor John Campbell invents the sextant – a modification of the marine quadrant that makes measuring angular separations to determine a ship's position easier. | | 1757 | Italy [art] | Italian artist Pietro Longhi paints The Rhinoceros. | | 1757 | Italy [physics] | Croatian-born Italian astronomer and mathematician Roger Boscovich, in Theoris philosophiae naturalis redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium/Theory of Natural Philosophy Reduced to a Single Law of the Strength Existing in Nature, propounds an atomic theory of matter for the first time in modern Europe. | | 1 May 1757 | France, Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, Silesia, Germany, Austrian Netherlands, Spain, Parma, Italy, Habsburg Monarchy [Seven Years War (1754–62)] | The second Treaty of Versailles against Prussia is negotiated between France and the Holy Roman Empire, by which Prussia is to be partitioned, losing Silesia and Glatz to Austria. King Louis XV of France agrees to increase annual subsidies to Maria Theresa of Austria until she has recovered Silesia. In return, she promises Louis XV full sovereignty in some cities in the Austrian Netherlands; the remainder are to pass to Don Philip, Farnesan prince of Spain, in exchange for the Italian duchies of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla, when these are returned to Austria. | | 18 June 1757 | Prussia, Bohemia, Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy [Seven Years War (1754–62)] | The forces of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I defeat King Frederick II the Great of Prussia at Kolin in Bohemia; Frederick loses 13,000 of his 33,000 troops. | | 23 June 1757 | UK, India, Mogul Empire [wars] | The English soldier and colonial administrator Robert Clive marches against Siraj ud-Daula, the nawab (ruler) of Bengal, India, and wins the Battle of Plassey. Clive installs Mir Jaffer as nawab and brings Bengal under British control. | | 6 September 1757 | France, America [births and deaths] | Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert de Motier, marquis de Lafayette, French aristocrat and political leader who fought against the British during the American Revolution, born in Chavaniac, France (–1834). | | 28 November 1757 | England [births and deaths] | William Blake, English poet, painter, engraver, and mystic, born in London, England (–1828). |
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