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180 BC

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180 BC

c. 400 BCAD c. 250Central America [everyday life]The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas.
c. 200 BCAD c. 200South America [religion]During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy.
181 BC–179 BCRome, Spain [wars]In Spain, the Lusones, a Celtiberian tribe, try to migrate into Carpetania, and the First Celtiberian War begins. Fulvius Flaccus defeats them at Aebura, captures their capital at Contrebia, and takes the district known as Celtiberia Citerior (Nearer Celtiberia) to the Romans. The following year Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus senior takes over the war, and continues to defeat the Celtiberians. He makes a treaty with the Nearer Celtiberians, by which they provide tribute and auxiliary troops, and an alliance with Further Celtiberia.
180 BCRome [wars]Rome rounds off its subjugation of all Italy by defeating the Ligurians who live in the Apennines between the River Arno and Savoy (in the area of modern Genoa) and deporting 40,000 of them to the area around Beneventum in Samnium, southern Italy.
May 180 BCEgypt, Ptolemaic Kingdom [administration]Following the death of King Ptolemy V of Egypt after a reign of 25 years in which the Egyptian monarchy greatly declined, little is left of the Egyptian empire except Cyprus and Cyrenaica. Ptolemy VI Philometor, a child, succeeds Ptolemy V, with his mother as regent.


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