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212| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | 200–700 | Central America [statistics and demography] | The Zapotec site of Monte Albán in Central America is at its peak in this period. It may have had 30,000 or more inhabitants. It is the centre of a complex of public buildings, temples, and dwellings that cover 40 sq km/15 sq mi. | | 212 | Roman Empire [legislation] | The Roman jurist Aemilius Papinian, one of three famous jurists who flourished during the reign of the late emperor Septimius Severus (the other two being Domitius Ulpian and Julius Paulus), refuses to write a legal defence of the co-emperor Caracalla's murder of his brother, Geta, and is beheaded in Rome, in Caracalla's presence. Caracalla quietens the objections of the army to Geta's murder by huge donations. Then, to obtain more tax revenue, he extends Roman citizenship to all free male adults throughout the empire: the Constitutio Antoniniana (‘Antonine Constitution’). | | 212 | Roman Empire [political events] | The new Roman co-emperor Caracalla inherits the cruelty of his late father, Septimius Severus, but none of his statesmanship, and has his brother and co-emperor, Geta, and many of Geta's supporters murdered. Caracalla prefers hunting and the company of gladiators to imperial business. He is reputed to have had 20,000 of his brother's supporters put to death. |
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