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238| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | 200–700 | Central America [statistics and demography] | The Zapotec site of Monte Albán in Central America is at its peak in this period. It may have had 30,000 or more inhabitants. It is the centre of a complex of public buildings, temples, and dwellings that cover 40 sq km/15 sq mi. | | 235–238 | Roman Empire, Germany [wars] | The new Roman emperor, Maximinus, campaigns on the rivers Danube and Rhine in Germany, defeating the Alemanni, and never visits Rome. He is accepted by the Senate, but taxes the rich aristocracy heavily and engenders such hostility among them that they plot against him. | | 238 | Roman Empire [political events] | The Roman Senate outlaws the Roman emperor Maximinus for his bloodthirsty proscriptions in Rome, and nominates two of its members, Pupienus and Balbinus, to the throne. Maximinus advances upon the Senate's nominees at Aquileia in northern Italy, but is killed by his soldiers. Pupienus and Balbinus return to Rome, only to be killed by the Praetorian Guard who then make Gordian III, son of Gordian II and grandson of the former Roman emperor Gordian I, their emperor. | | 238 | Roman Empire, Africa [political events] | The Roman proconsul of Africa Gordian I accepts the Roman emperorship jointly with his son, Gordian II, when his troops proclaim him. They are defeated by supporters of the Roman emperor, Maximinus. After defeating the first two Gordians, Maximinus takes his revenge with a brutal proscription in Rome. |
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