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2800 BC| c. 8000 BC–c. 2700 BC | Europe [tools] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in western Europe. It is characterized by the use of microliths (very small stone tools mounted on a shaft), chipped stone tools, and bone, antler, and wooden tools. Important inventions include the barbed fish-hook, harpoon, woven basket, clay cooking pot, and the comb. Some examples of these tools have been found at Star Carr in Yorkshire, England. | | c. 2800 BC | Europe [astronomy] | The Neolithic monument Stonehenge is built in England near Salisbury, Wiltshire, comprising a circular earthwork 97.5 m/320 ft in diameter with 56 small pits around the circumference (later known as the Aubrey holes). The position of the ‘heel stone’ outside the circle suggests a connection with Sun worship and observation. It is probably an astronomical observatory with religious functions; the motions of the Sun and Moon are followed with the aid of carefully aligned rocks. |
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