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334 BC| 480 BC–330 BC | Greece [sculpture] | The Greek classical style of sculpture develops more realism than the preceding Archaic period. Its leading exponents are Phidias (in the 5th century BC), and Praxiteles, Scopas, and Lysippus (in the 4th century BC). | | c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | 334 BC | Greece, Persian Empire [campaigns of Alexander the Great (334–323 BC)] | Alexander the Great of Macedon sets out on his conquest of the Persian Empire. He crosses the Hellespont with some 35,000 troops, visits Troy, and then marches east to the River Granicus where he defeats a Persian army commanded by the Greek mercenary Memnon. He subdues the Greek cities of Miletus and Halicarnassus and winters in Gordium, the ancient capital of Phrygia in one-time Hittite territory. |
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