371 BC| 480 BC–330 BC | Greece [sculpture] | The Greek classical style of sculpture develops more realism than the preceding Archaic period. Its leading exponents are Phidias (in the 5th century BC), and Praxiteles, Scopas, and Lysippus (in the 4th century BC). | | c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | 371 BC | Greece [treaties] | The Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens make peace, another Peace of Callias (the first being that of 449 BC). The treaty is again named after one of the Athenian envoys. | | 7 July 371 BC | Greece [wars] | Theban general Epaminondas wins a decisive victory over the Spartans at the Battle of Leuctra in southern Boetia. The victory shocks Greece, as Spartan soldiers have always been believed to be invincible; Athens does not welcome the victory, fearing the rising aggression of the city of Thebes. The Arcadians decide to reassert their independence from Sparta and form an Arcadian League; they rebuild their city of Mantinea as well as building a new federal city, Megalopolis. |
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