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475| 200–700 | Central America [statistics and demography] | The Zapotec site of Monte Albán in Central America is at its peak in this period. It may have had 30,000 or more inhabitants. It is the centre of a complex of public buildings, temples, and dwellings that cover 40 sq km/15 sq mi. | | 400–500 | India [chess] | Shaturanga (or chaturanga), ‘the army game’, an ancestor of chess through the Persian game of shatranj (or chatrang), evolves in the Indus Valley on the Indian subcontinent. | | c. 460–c. 477 | India [Buddhism] | Most of the 30 caves at Ajanta in Central India are completed during this time. Cut into the volcanic rock and elaborately carved and painted, they form the richest surviving Buddhist complex in India. | | c. 475 | India [churches and temples] | The Hindu Dashavatara temple at Deogarh in Uttar Pradesh, India, is built around this time. Sacred to Vishnu, it contains the finest Gupta-period sculpture in India. |
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