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50 BC| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | c. 85 BC–AD c. 52 | East Asia [art] | The earliest known Chinese lacquer (found at Lak Lang in North Korea in modern times) is produced. | | 64 BC–AD c. 52 | Syria, Palestine, Seleucid Kingdom, Rome [treaties] | The Roman general Pompey the Great arrives at Antioch in Syria and dictates terms: King Antiochus XIII of Syria is deposed and the Seleucid dynasty ends. Syria becomes part of the Roman provinces. Hyrcanus II and his brother Aristobulus II, rival claimants for the Hasmonaean throne of Judaea, bring their claims before Pompey. Pompey supports the claim of Hyrcanus, but makes Palestine into a Roman province, appointing Hyrcanus as high priest of the Jews but the Idumean Antipater as governor of Roman Judaea. | | 50 BC | Rome [administration] | There is much manoeuvring for power in Rome between the Senate, with Pompey the Great as consul, and the supporters of the proconsul Julius Caesar. Mark Antony as tribune (magistrate) acts on Caesar's behalf, but there are arguments over the consulship Caesar was promised at the end of his Gallic command and the demand that he should disband his army. Caesar is declared an enemy of the people by the Senate. | | 50 BC | Rome [Graeco-Roman religion] | A frieze is painted in what becomes known as the ‘Villa of Mysteries’ in Pompeii, depicting the Dionysiac Mysteries, the rites associated with the worship of Dionysus, Greek god of wine. | | c. 50 BC | Rhodes [sculpture] | The Laocoön group is created by three sculptors in Rhodes. It depicts the Trojan priest Laocoön and his sons being devoured by serpents. Rediscovered in 1516, it is now in the Vatican, Rome, Italy. |
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