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5000 BC| c. 8000 BC–c. 2700 BC | Europe [tools] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in western Europe. It is characterized by the use of microliths (very small stone tools mounted on a shaft), chipped stone tools, and bone, antler, and wooden tools. Important inventions include the barbed fish-hook, harpoon, woven basket, clay cooking pot, and the comb. Some examples of these tools have been found at Star Carr in Yorkshire, England. | | c. 5000 BC | Italy [farming] | The wheat–barley/cattle–pigs–sheep agricultural complex reaches southern Italy. | | c. 5000 BC | Egypt [tools] | The equal-arm balance is invented in Egypt. It consists of a beam supported by weighing pans hung from both ends. |
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