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550 BC| c. 900 BC–c. 500 BC | Central America [everyday life] | La Venta becomes the major centre of the second phase of Olmec civilization in Mexico. The site of San Lorenzo is abandoned, possibly in a violent overthrow of the local elite, or possibly for religious reasons. La Venta is a ceremonial or elite centre, supported by a large agricultural population. It has a large main pyramid in addition to smaller ones. | | c. 600 BC–c. 480 BC | Greece [sculpture] | The Greek Archaic period of sculpture is evident, a typical form being the kouros, a rigid freestanding nude. | | 550 BC | Rome [administration] | Rome's second Etruscan king, Servius Tullius, achieves his greatest political successes in this decade. He begins an alliance with his neighbours in the shape of a Latin League, while at home he is reputed to have given a modicum of power to the assembly of the plebeians, set up in addition to the existing senate of elders which advises the king. | | c. 550 BC | Lydia [churches and temples] | Lydian king Croesus builds the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. One of the Seven Wonders of the World, it is known for its great size, being 110 m/350 ft by 55 m/180 ft. | | 550 BC | Europe [colonization] | Celts from Europe begin to arrive in the British Isles, mainly in Ireland, but also in Scotland and England. |
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