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600 BC| c. 900 BC–c. 500 BC | Central America [everyday life] | La Venta becomes the major centre of the second phase of Olmec civilization in Mexico. The site of San Lorenzo is abandoned, possibly in a violent overthrow of the local elite, or possibly for religious reasons. La Venta is a ceremonial or elite centre, supported by a large agricultural population. It has a large main pyramid in addition to smaller ones. | | c. 600 BC | Europe [materials] | Bronze begins to be replaced by iron in central Europe because of the growing ability to smelt and work metallic ores at high temperatures. | | c. 600 BC | Neo-Babylonian Empire [parks and recreation] | Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar begins building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. One of the Seven Wonders of the World, the gardens, located on terraces on a ziggurat, are irrigated by pumps from the River Euphrates. | | c. 600 BC–c. 480 BC | Greece [sculpture] | The Greek Archaic period of sculpture is evident, a typical form being the kouros, a rigid freestanding nude. | | 600 BC | Greece [wars] | The Athenians undertake their first overseas venture, the capture of Sigeum (a promontory controlling the Hellespont) from their neighbour Megara. The expedition is motivated more by economic than political or military considerations and marks the beginning of Megara's lagging behind in the great rivalry between the various Greek city-states. | | c. 600 BC | Rome [weights and measures] | Roman king Tarquinius Priscus introduces the Roman Republican calendar. It consists of 12 months with a total of 355 days. An intercalated month is added between February 23 and 24 every two years in order to keep step with the seasons. Intercalations, however, are made irregularly and it becomes hopelessly confused. The calendar forms the basis of the Gregorian calendar. |
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