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630 BC| c. 900 BC–c. 500 BC | Central America [everyday life] | La Venta becomes the major centre of the second phase of Olmec civilization in Mexico. The site of San Lorenzo is abandoned, possibly in a violent overthrow of the local elite, or possibly for religious reasons. La Venta is a ceremonial or elite centre, supported by a large agricultural population. It has a large main pyramid in addition to smaller ones. | | 630 BC | Greece, Messenia [wars] | The Greek city-state of Sparta wages its second war against Messenia, southwest of the Peleponnese. The revolt and second subjugation of the Messenians may well be the origin of the unique system of government in Sparta, by which a dedicated military aristocracy perennially suppresses a subjugated serf class of Messenians known as the helots. Particularly noted for its peculiar harsh laws and customs, The Spartans themselves credit their laws and constitution to a semi-mythical figure, Lycurgus. | | c. 630 BC | Greece [births and deaths] | Solon, Athenian statesman who replaced the ruling aristocracy with a rule by the wealthy, born (–c. 560 BC). |
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