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65 BC| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | c. 85 BC–AD c. 52 | East Asia [art] | The earliest known Chinese lacquer (found at Lak Lang in North Korea in modern times) is produced. | | 65 BC | Rome, Pontus, Armenia [Roman–Mithridatic Wars (110–65 BC)] | King Mithridates VI Eupator the Great of Pontus is decisively defeated by the Roman general Pompey the Great near Dasteira in Pontus (later renamed Nicopolis, ‘City of Victory’), and flees to the Crimea. Pompey also defeats King Tigranes of Armenia, who is allowed to retain his kingdom of Armenia as a vassal prince and a bulwark against Parthia, but loses all his foreign acquisitions. | | December 65 BC | Roman Empire, Italy [births and deaths] | Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus), celebrated Roman lyric poet and satirist, born in Venusia, Italy (–8 BC). |
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