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7350 BC| c. 10000 BC–c. 7000 BC | Europe [hunting] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in northern Europe. It is a food-gathering way of life, based on fishing and fowling rather than wide-range hunting; and it is adapted to new conditions, either a forest or a waterside environment, with humans forced to the periphery by the all-pervading forest. Economically and materially it is to some extent a retrograde step from the easy hunting days of the Palaeolithic Age. The ‘kitchen midden’ sites (as on the Danish coast) show people living close to or on top of a huge dump of the discarded remains of shellfish. | | c. 8000 BC–c. 2700 BC | Europe [tools] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in western Europe. It is characterized by the use of microliths (very small stone tools mounted on a shaft), chipped stone tools, and bone, antler, and wooden tools. Important inventions include the barbed fish-hook, harpoon, woven basket, clay cooking pot, and the comb. Some examples of these tools have been found at Star Carr in Yorkshire, England. | | c. 7350 BC | Middle East [buildings] | The earliest known township of Jericho in the Middle East is surrounded by a wall 6.4 m/21 ft high, and a moat 4.6 m/15 ft wide and 2.7 m/9 ft deep, making Jericho the first fortress, and indicating that organized raiding and warfare have appeared. |
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