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7500 BC| c. 10000 BC–c. 7000 BC | Europe [hunting] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in northern Europe. It is a food-gathering way of life, based on fishing and fowling rather than wide-range hunting; and it is adapted to new conditions, either a forest or a waterside environment, with humans forced to the periphery by the all-pervading forest. Economically and materially it is to some extent a retrograde step from the easy hunting days of the Palaeolithic Age. The ‘kitchen midden’ sites (as on the Danish coast) show people living close to or on top of a huge dump of the discarded remains of shellfish. | | c. 8000 BC–c. 2700 BC | Europe [tools] | The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age begins in western Europe. It is characterized by the use of microliths (very small stone tools mounted on a shaft), chipped stone tools, and bone, antler, and wooden tools. Important inventions include the barbed fish-hook, harpoon, woven basket, clay cooking pot, and the comb. Some examples of these tools have been found at Star Carr in Yorkshire, England. | | c. 7500 BC | Europe [climate and weather] | The ice covering much of the Earth has by now melted to roughly modern levels. This destroys many land bridges, for instance across the Mediterranean. The separation of the British Isles from the European mainland occurs about this time. |
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