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855| 836–890 | India [administration] | After the disasters of Ramabhadra's reign, his son, King Bhoja I, restores the Gurjara kingdom as the leading power of northern India. | | 855 | Persia [births and deaths] | Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Muslim theologian, who founded a school of Islamic law called the Hanbali and adopted a traditionalist approach in interpreting and codifying the legal aspects of the Koran (the sharia), dies in Baghdad, Persia (c. 75). | | 855 | Italy, Carolingian Empire [administration] | On the death of Pope Leo IV a succession dispute breaks out. The clergy and people of Rome elect Benedict III, but the Frankish emperor, Louis II, installs Anastasius as pope, by force. When the popular antipathy to Anastasius becomes apparent, Louis gives way and allows Benedict's appointment; his authority suffers a setback as a consequence. | | 22 September 855 | Carolingian Empire [administration] | Worn out by illness, the Frankish emperor Lothair I retires to the monastery of Prüm (in present-day Germany) and partitions his lands among his three sons. The emperor Louis II receives Italy, Lothair II receives the area from Frisia to the Alps, called Lotharii regnum (‘Reign of Lothair’, Lotharingia or Lorraine), and Charles receives the kingdom of Provence. Lothair I dies six days later (28 September). | | 20 November 855 | Byzantine Empire [political events] | The Byzantine emperor, Michael III, begins his personal rule after arranging the murder of Theoctistus the Logothete, the principal minister of his mother, the empress and regent Theodora. Michael banishes Theodora to a convent. |
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